Best Places to Visit in Bukhara Uzbekistan

Bukhara Itinerary

Planning a perfect vacation can be an exciting and rewarding experience. In this guide, you will find a Bukhara travel guide that includes all the must-see attractions that this city has to offer.  

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Practical Information

Transportation & Exploration

✈️ By Plane: The easiest way to reach Bukhara by air is through Bukhara International Airport (BHK), located just a 15-minute drive (6 km / 3.7 miles) from the city center. The airport operates regular domestic flights from Tashkent and other Uzbek cities, along with international connections from hubs like Moscow, Istanbul, and Dubai.

👉 You can purchase your flight ticket here🔗.

🚶‍♂️ On Foot: Bukhara’s historic center is compact and perfect for exploring on foot. Most of the city’s stunning mosques, madrasahs, and caravanserais are clustered close together, making walking the best way to soak up its atmosphere.

⚠️ For longer distances or added comfort, taxis are widely available and inexpensive.

🚆 By Train: Bukhara is also easily accessible by train, with modern high-speed services linking it to Samarkand, Tashkent, and Khiva. The journey is comfortable and scenic, offering travelers a chance to enjoy Uzbekistan’s landscapes along the way. You can find all the details in my article Ultimate Travel Guide: Uzbekistan🔗.

🗺️ Bukhara is a beautiful city that doesn’t require too much time to explore — I found two days to be just right, though it really depends on your travel pace. Hiring a local guide🔗 is also a great idea, as it gives you deeper insights into the city’s history and a better connection with the local culture.

Weather

Uzbekistan has a continental climate characterized by hot summers, cold winters, and mild, pleasant springs and autumns. Here’s a detailed overview of the weather:

☀️Summer (June to August): Summers in Uzbekistan are hot and dry, especially in the desert regions.

⚠️ Temperatures can soar above 40°C (104°F), particularly in July and August. If visiting during summer, plan your activities for the early morning or late afternoon to avoid the intense midday heat.

🍂 Autumn (September to November): The weather is mild and comfortable, with temperatures gradually cooling down. The countryside is vibrant with autumn colors (temperature from 15°C to 25°C (59°F to 77°F).

✨ Autumn is another excellent time to visit Uzbekistan, with ideal weather for exploring the cities.

❄️ Winter (December to February): winters can be quite cold, especially in the northern and mountainous regions, where temperatures can drop below freezing. Temperatures are from -5°C to 10°C (23°F to 50°F).

⚠️ It’s best to avoid winter, as the temperatures can be harsh and uncomfortably cold.

🌸 Spring (March to May): The weather is mild and pleasant, with blooming flowers and green landscapes. Rainfall is moderate, but not too frequent. Temperatures are from 10°C to 25°C (50°F to 77°F).

✨ Spring is one of the best times to visit Uzbekistan, like the autumn season.

Accommodation

Accommodation ranges from family-run guesthouses and boutique hotels.

👉 I stayed at Hotel Mironshox🔗, a cozy family-run B&B where the owners live on-site. I absolutely loved my stay—the hosts were incredibly kind and even helped us arrange taxis to the train station. The breakfast was delicious and generous, and the location couldn’t have been better, just steps away from the historic center.

Bukhara city tour:

The Ark of Bukhara🔗

🕌 The Ark has been the symbol of state power in Bukhara for over a millennium. Its history dates back to the 5th century CE, with legends attributing its foundation to the mythical prince Siyavush. Throughout its long history, the Ark has been destroyed and rebuilt multiple times, serving as a bastion of defense, a royal residence, and an administrative center. The Ark’s walls are remarkably thick and high, built to withstand sieges and attacks. The walls are made from mud bricks and were periodically reinforced. The strategic location of the fortress on a raised platform provided a commanding view of the surrounding area, allowing defenders to spot approaching enemies from a distance.

💡 Inside its ancient walls, you can explore courtyards, royal chambers, and several small museums showcasing archaeological finds, manuscripts, weapons, and traditional crafts. A visit here offers not only a glimpse into the emir’s lifestyle but also sweeping views over Bukhara’s old town from the fortress walls.

Po-i-Kalyan🔗

One of Bukhara’s most iconic landmarks is the Po-i-Kalyan complex, the heart of the city’s historic center. This monumental ensemble is built around the main square of Bukhara, where locals and travelers alike gather to admire its timeless beauty. The complex includes:

Kalyan Minaret🔗

🕌 It was commissioned by Arslan Khan, a ruler of the Kara-Khanid dynasty. Beyond its religious function, the minaret also served as a landmark for caravans and travelers navigating the Silk Road.

⚠️ Unfortunately, you can’t go inside the minaret.

Kalyan Mosque🔗

🕌 It was completed in 1514 during the reign of the Shaybanid dynasty. The mosque can accommodate around 12,000 worshippers, making it one of the largest in Central Asia. The mosque features a vast open courtyard, providing space for large congregations. The courtyard is surrounded by a two-story arcade with numerous arched niches. The Kalyan Mosque has been an active place of worship for centuries and remains a key religious site in Bukhara.

💡 You can step inside the Kalyan Mosque and wander through its vast inner courtyard, a serene square framed by elegant arcades and decorated with intricate tilework. With space for up to 12,000 worshippers, it’s one of the largest mosques in Central Asia, and exploring its quiet corners gives you a real sense of Bukhara’s spiritual and architectural grandeur.

Mir-i-Arab Madrasa🔗

🕌 It was built around 1535-1536. It was commissioned by Sheikh Abdullah Yamani of Yemen, known as Mir-i-Arab, and funded by the Shaybanid ruler Ubaydullah Khan. The madrasah has been an important center of Islamic education for centuries, teaching theology, jurisprudence, philosophy, and other sciences. Today, it continues to function as an educational institution, maintaining its legacy as a place of learning and scholarship.

⚠️ As a tourist, you can only visit the entrance area of the Mir-i-Arab Madrasa, since it is still an active religious school

Lyab-i-Hauz square🔗

One the main squares in Bukhara is called the Lyab-i-Hauz. This historic square is one of the most famous landmarks in the city and serves as a central gathering place for both locals and tourists. At the heart of the square is a large pond, or hauz, which is surrounded by centuries-old mulberry trees. The pond's name, Lyab-i-Hauz, means "by the pond" in Persian. Several significant architectural structures compose the square:

Kukeldash Madrassah

🕌 This is the largest madrassah in Bukhara, built in the 16th century. It is notable for its beautiful facade and grand scale.

Nadir Divan-Begi Khanaka

🕌 Originally intended as a caravanserai, this building was converted into a Sufi lodge (khanaka). It features a beautiful iwan (entrance hall) and rich decorative tiles.

Nadir Divan-Begi Madrassah

🕌 This madrassah, built opposite the khanaka, is famous for its stunning facade with intricate tile work and unusual depictions of mythical creatures.

Abdoullaziz Khan Madrasah🔗

🕌 Abdoullaziz Khan Madrasah was constructed in 1652 during the reign of Abdoullaziz Khan, a ruler of the Ashtarkhanid (or Janid) dynasty. This period was marked by a flourishing of architecture and culture in Bukhara, with many significant buildings erected. Abdoullaziz Khan Madrasah was built as part of a larger ensemble, opposite the Ulugbek Madrasah, which dates back to the early 15th century. Abdoullaziz Khan Madrasah is celebrated for its intricate and elaborate design, showcasing the height of Bukhara’s architectural style in the 17th century. 

Bukhara Chor Minor Madrasah🔗 

🕌 Chor Minor Madrasah, also known as the Madrasah of Khalif Niyaz-kul, is one of the most distinctive and charming architectural monuments in Bukhara, Uzbekistan. Despite its name suggesting it is a madrassah (an Islamic educational institution), Chor Minor was actually part of a larger complex that included a madrassah, which has not survived. Chor Minor was built in 1807 by Khalif Niyaz-kul, a wealthy Bukharan merchant of Turkmen origin. The name "Chor Minor" means "Four Minarets" in Persian, reflecting the structure’s most prominent feature. The building served as a gatehouse for the now-lost madrassah and was likely used for various purposes, including as a library and possibly a prayer room.

Khodja Nurobobod St🔗 and to check out the “Toqi” 🔗

Bukhara is renowned for its rich tradition of crafting and rug-making, which dates back centuries. This craft has played a crucial role in the cultural and economic life of the city, contributing to its fame along the Silk Road. The city has long been a center for various crafts, including metalwork, ceramics, embroidery, and textiles.

✨ Since Bukhara is renowned for its high-quality Persian rugs, I highly recommend purchasing one if you have the opportunity. Pricing can be complex, so I suggest visiting multiple shops and preparing to negotiate. Haggling is a strong tradition here, so you’ll need to work on lowering the initial price. Rugs are typically made from camel hair, wool, or silk, with silk rugs being the most expensive. The price increases with the level of detail and craftsmanship. If you don't make it to purchase a carpet, you can purchase a handmade souvenir, as there are so many shops that offer unique objects. Avoid the mass-produced souvenirs, which fortunately aren't so common here. Stroll down Khodja Nurobobod Street and the Toqi to find these places. 

Bukhara Market🔗

As someone who loves a bustling market, I was thoroughly impressed by the farmers market in Bukhara. It's a hidden gem that tourists often overlook; we were the only visitors there.

✨ I highly recommend stopping by, as the market is expansive and organized into distinct sections. As you explore, you'll discover the meat market, the honey section where locals produce honey on the spot, the egg corner, and the bread area and so on. Each section offers a unique glimpse into the local way of life, making the experience truly memorable.

Bolo Hauz mosque🔗

🕌 The Bolo Hauz Mosque is an architectural gem that beautifully embodies the artistic and cultural heritage of the region. It was built in 1712. The mosque is named after the "Hauz" (pond) located in front of it, which was once part of a network of reservoirs in Bukhara. The pond adds a tranquil ambiance to the site and was historically used for ablutions. The mosque was commissioned by Abu'l-Fayz Khan, the ruler of Bukhara at the time, to serve as a public place of worship and a symbol of his reign.

Somoniylar maqbarasi🔗

🕌 The mausoleum is one of the oldest Islamic structures in Central Asia and the burial place of Ismail Samani, the founder of the Samanid dynasty. It is celebrated for its architectural innovation and intricate brickwork. 

💡The Samanid Mausoleum, also known as the Ismail Samani Mausoleum, is located a bit outside the city, in a small park. There is a small fee to pay to enter. 

Food recommendations

While you are in Bukhara you can enjoy some traditional food, such as:

• Plov (Pilaf): Plov is often considered the national dish of Uzbekistan, and Samarkand is famous for its delicious variations. It typically consists of rice cooked with meat (usually lamb or beef), carrots, onions, and a blend of aromatic spices like cumin, coriander, and garlic. Plov is often served at weddings, celebrations, and other special occasions.
• Samsa: Samsa is a savory pastry filled with meat (usually lamb or beef), onions, and spices, then baked until golden brown. It's a popular snack or appetizer in Samarkand and is often enjoyed with tea or as part of a meal.
• Manty: Manty is steamed dumplings filled with minced meat (often lamb or beef), onions, and spices. They're typically larger compared to other dumplings and are served with a dollop of sour cream or yogurt on the side. Many can be found in various forms throughout Central Asia and are a beloved comfort food in Samarkand.
• Shashlik: Shashlik consists of skewered and grilled chunks of marinated meat, often lamb, beef, or chicken. The meat is typically seasoned with salt, pepper, and spices before being cooked over an open flame. Shashlik is a popular street food in Samarkand and is often served with bread and pickled vegetables.
• Non (Bread): Non is a type of traditional Uzbek bread that holds special significance in Samarkand's culinary culture. It's typically baked in a tandoor oven, resulting in a round, flatbread with a crispy crust and soft interior. Non is served with almost every meal in Samarkand and is often used to scoop up sauces, dips, and stews.
• Lagman: Lagman is a hearty noodle soup made with hand-pulled noodles, meat (usually beef or lamb), vegetables, and aromatic spices. It's a comforting and flavorful dish that's perfect for warming up on chilly days in Samarkand.
• Uzbek Sweets: Uzbek cuisine is also known for its delectable sweets and desserts. Some popular treats in Samarkand include halva (a sweet confection made from sesame paste and sugar), shakarap (crispy fried dough dipped in sugar syrup), and various types of fruit preserves and jams.

✨ To have a nice dinner, I suggest going to Jam🔗, while for a quick bite, I suggest Café Shohrud🔗, a small restaurant frequented by the locals.

Planning a perfect day trip doesn't have to be overwhelming. By following these steps and considering your preferences, you can create an unforgettable experience. So, pack your bags, choose your destination, and get ready for an adventure!